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In this article, we will discuss square rubble masonry and 3 types of square rubble masonry.
The art of construction of stone units bonded together with mortar is called stone masonry. The stone masonry in which undressed or roughly dressed stones are utilized is called Rubble Masonry.
The type of rubble masonry in which face stones are squared on all joints and beds by dressing before laying is called Square Rubble Masonry.
Types of Square Rubble Masonry
There are 3 types of square rubble masonry which are explained below:
a. Un-Coursed Square Rubble Masonry
Square rubble masonry uses stones having straight beds and sides. The stones are usually squared and brought to a hammer-dressed or straight cut finish.
In the uncoursed square rubble, also sometimes known as square-snecked rubble, the stones with straight edges and sides are available in different sizes (heights). They are arranged on the face in several irregular patterns.
A good appearance can be achieved by using risers ( a large stone, usually a through stone), levelers (thinner stones), and sneck or check (small stone) in a pattern, having their depths in the ratio of 3: 2: 1 respectively.
Snecks are the characteristics of this type of construction, and hence the name. This prevents the occurrence of long continuous joints.
Note: L means Leveller. S means Sneck. R means Risers.
b. Square Rubble: Built to Courses
This type of masonry also uses the same stones as used for uncoursed square rubble. But the work is level up to courses of varying depth. The courses are of different heights.
Each course may consist of quoins, jamb stones, bonders, and thoughts of the same height with smaller stones built in between them up to the height of the larger stones, to complete the course.
Note: T means larger stones.
c. Square Rubble: Regular Coursed
In this type of masonry, the wall consists of various courses of varying heights, but the height of stones in one particular course is the same.
When the height of the courses is equal it is usually called coursed rubble masonry (CR masonry).
Some features of square rubble regular coursed masonry are:
a. It is a superior variety of rubble masonry.
b. Stones used are squared on all joints and beds and laid in courses.
c. Stones are laid in courses of equal layers.
d. Joints are uniform.
Read Also: Artificial Stones
